—Matteo Mastracci, Koç University On June 24, 2019, the Grand Chamber of the European Court of Justice delivered its long hoped for judgment over the retirement age dispute introduced by the Polish legislator through the so-called “Law on the Supreme Court.” Following the passage of this law, all sitting judges were forced to retire early

What Makes Kaczyński Tick?
[Editor’s Note: This commentary first appeared in German under the title “Polens Direktor” in der Spiegel, no. 3/2016, pp. 88-89. It is reprinted with permission from the author.] —Wojciech Sadurski, Challis Professor of Jurisprudence, University of Sydney; Professor, Centre for Europe, University of Warsaw Without a doubt, Jarosław Kaczyński is not just paramount but also an absolute political